Business to Consumer Marketing Essay

Increase in the use of Internet use means that marketing on the internet has also gained popularity. People turn towards the Internet to search for basic information on any items they are interested in, whether for personal use or for business, and to a lesser extent they may want to purchase it from the convenience of their home or office. From the business point of view, this means the companies need to pay special attention to their website, as it represents the company in cyber space. Not only the extent of information available on their site, but the user-friendliness of the website, search ability of the site, how fast the website loads, are also important factors. All these factors are also dependent on the target market of the company, whether they are engaged in B2B (business-to-business) or B2C (business-to-consumer) marketing. For instance, B2B customers are more concerned with technical aspect of the product, the warranty provided and the customer services. For B2C customers, the design and over all look of the product may be equally important as the functionalities. This article discusses the differences and similarities between B2C and B2B marketing that should be there in an ideal or a well-planned website. Features of Online Marketing Before being specific about what B2B and B2C marketing should ideally target, I’ll be discussing the common features any marketing site should have. It is also important knowing that a company is represented by one site, and this should give all the relevant information to all its stakeholders, in a manner which is easily accessible and gives only relevant information. The postings on an e-information typically fall into these five categories, according to Etzel, Walker and Stanton (2004): Company Background and General Information: This category covers the history of the company, its mission and vision, corporate philosophy and general orientation. It may also include financial performance of the company and other investor related information, the structure of the company, its operations and global/local divisions and branches, and profile of the management team. This portion is usually accessible to everyone and needs to be presented clearly to both categories of customers – individuals and business consumers. Current Business Operations: This category caters to the company’s customers. This is where division of any kind may come in. For customers this section provides product descriptions, dealer contact information and payment terms and structure. For the business partners, this may consider more technical details, how to contact the relevant business personnel, the different packages available etc. Because the company needs to know about its potential customers, and some of the information in this section may be confidential, access may be restricted by requiring the users to register and give their email address, which allows them to be kept updated with new company’s happenings if they choose to keep updated. This is a place where there is a two-way communication open, minimal though it may be, and companies should focus on those aspects which are valued by their target market. Links:Â  This category has connections to other related sites. This is important for B2B customers who may wish to contact a dealer near their place of business, or to get more information. Attraction and Entertainment Features: This is more important for B2C customers and includes those features and tools which make the site more interesting and unique for customers. For B2B sites, it is more important to be uncluttered, present the information in a style that is easy-to-read and understand, and the site itself should be easy to navigate. Contact Point:Â  This provides usually an email address for visitors, to make a comment or for queries and should also provide a phone number. This is an opportunity to interact directly with the company and is a major advantage of internet over traditional media. However, this should be paid attention to, as unanswered queries and negatively affect the company’s business. B2B Online Marketing: B2B sites specifically cater to corporate clients. This implies that the decision making process is longer for the customers and the company should cater to that. Also, services usually provided are in-house services or regarding maintenance software or similar services to increase the productivity and profitability of the company. The characteristics of B2B sites include an attempt to automate trading process on the website. This is more convenient, saves time as well as money. This is important as even though B2C sites are generally more popular, however, the amount of money in transactions is greater for B2B sites. This means that security is also important for any company, including keeping the information provided by the corporate client. Also, the company should try to differentiate itself from the competition by using and promoting its USP (unique selling proposition). This can be done both online as well as offline using traditional methods of advertising, tradeshows, field sales etc. By automating the processes and as much of their supply chain as possible, the company is saving costs in the long run, thus allowing it to compete on price basis as well. Ideally, B2B sites should also have a registration option for business customers who may wish to learn more. By registering themselves on the site, it allows for more human intervention and a two-way communication. This can make an online business transactions more long lasting which is important in businesses. B2C Online Marketing: Sites which specifically cater to a target group to promote goods and services fall into this category. The more popular sites include Amazon. com and eBay. com. B2C sites are more transaction-oriented in general. Though both sites allow transactions, consumers are usually online and in a position to transact and purchase immediately, as they take less time than businesses for decision making. This is because B2B consumers are more investigative and seek more information from different channels and sources. B2C sites also try to create relationships with customers to enhance the brand loyalty of consumers and ensure that their queries are answered. Though, this is more difficult and companies need to ensure that this process does not adversely harm the operations of the company. B2C sites simultaneously also use offline methods along with online advertising. Online tools can include interactive websites, online communities and discussion forums, email marketing, pop-ups, cost per click advertising such as Google AdWords etc. However, the challenge for any company lies in finding the right mix of advertising and promotion which maximizes profits and minimizes costs. However, good B2C sites allows the consumers to shop faster and in a more convenient manner, offerings and prices obtained are in real-time and can be changed as required and call centres are usually integrated along with the websites allowing interaction between the companies and the end-users. Conclusion: Research shows that more than actual purchase, consumers are using the internet more for research about the product and to make a more informed purchase decision, which is truer for the business consumers. Thus, the company should realize that not all visitors may purchase from their site; however most of them will be researching the company’s products and the information available will be a significant factor in the final decision. This is true to a lesser extent for consumers, because individuals tend to display customer loyalty, thus they may research more to confirm their original decision rather than look at competition’s information. Also, in B2C more emphasis is on price comparisons as customers usually go online shopping to obtain the best price possible. This is also lower than the price in offline stores in some cases as it saves the cost of the intermediary or any dealer involved. In B2B, competition on a global basis ensures that the companies no longer can ignore online marketing and it is necessary to keep up with the competition. Initiatives such as Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) and just in time inventory are changing the way business is being done. This combined with Customer Relationship Management (CRM) ensures that the way companies do business with other businesses has changed and they need to use innovative ways to make their presence felt online. (Furlong, 2001)

Resolving The Pure Enantiomers Of Phenylethylamine Environmental Sciences Essay

The intent of this research lab was to decide the pure enantiomorphs of (  ± ) -?-phenylethylamine ( racemic ) mixture, by dividing their diasteriomeric derived functions utilizing ( + ) -tartaric acid. The differing enantiomorphs form different salts with acids. Two molecules that are enantiomorphs have about indistinguishable physical and chemical belongingss although this may be true, the salts that are formed after the reaction with acid have distinguishable belongingss. Some salts are less soluble [ ( + ) ( – ) ] than others, and hence crystallize from the mixture in a about pure stereoisomeric signifier. When utilizing NaOH as a strong base to handle the salt, it allows for the isolation of the enantiomorph ( Lab Manual, 2007 ) . Polarimetry is a common method used to separate between enantiomorphs, based on their ability to revolve the plane of polarized visible radiation in opposite waies ( + and – ) . This allows the perceiver to find the enantiomeric purenes s, and hence the composing of the mixture ( Wade, 2007 Chemical Chemical reaction: ( – ) -amine ( + ) -amine less soluble salt [ ( – ) ( + ) ] : crystallizes more soluble salt [ ( + ) ( + ) ] remains in solution 2NaOH+ 2H2O( – ) -?-phenylethylamine ( Lab Manual, 2007 ) Procedure: Alternatively of utilizing a 50 milliliter beaker to boil the amine solution in, we used a 50 milliliter Erlenmyer flask For the remainder of the proceduce refer to pg. 18, 22-24 ( Lab Manual, 2007 ) Observations: The crystals were given a 4 hebdomad crystallisation period and afterward, the ( – ) -?-phenylethylamine- ( + ) -hydrogen tartrate salt was observed to be a white crystalline solid, and the methyl alcohol was a crystalline liquid. Two really distinguishable beds were seeable following the reaction with the NaOH ( strong base ) and add-on of the methylene chloride ( CH2Cl2 ) . The top bed was translucent in some topographic points and opaque in others, really cloudy, white liquid, while the bottom bed was crystalline and besides liquid. The attendant mixture following the three separate extractions was close to transparent Consequences: Table 1: Experimental Datas: Multitudes and Optical Rotations Mass Filter Paper 0.58 g Filter Paper + Initial Crystal Sample 8.25 g Recovered Crystal Sample 7.67 g 50 milliliters Erlenmeyer Flask with 2 boiling rocks 39.75 g 50 milliliters Erlenmeyer Flask with Amine merchandise and 2 boiling rocks 42.63 g Amine merchandise 2.88 g Optical Rotation Specific Rotation of ( – ) -?-phenylethylamine -31.8o Table 2: Experimental Raw Given Data Volume of (  ± ) -?-phenylethylamine 10.0 milliliter Density of (  ± ) -?-phenylethylamine 0.9395 g/mL Molecular Weight of ( – ) -?-phenylethylamine 121.8 g/mol Molecular Weight of ( + ) -tartaric acid 150.09 g/mol [ ? ] D ( – ) -?-phenylethylamine -40.4o  ± 0.2o Table 3: Multitudes, Moles, Optical Purity, and % Output Mass (  ± ) -?-phenylethylamine 9.40 g Gram molecules (  ± ) -?-phenylethylamine 0.0776 mol Gram molecules ( – ) -?-phenylethylamine 0.0388 mol Gram molecules of tartaric acid: 0.0388 mol Percentage Output of ( – ) -?-phenylethylamine- ( + ) -hydrogen tartrate 73.1 % Percentage Output of ( – ) -?-phenylethylamine 61.3 % Optical Purity 83.7 % Calculations: % Output of ( – ) -?-phenylethylamine- ( + ) -hydrogen tartrate: Mass (  ± ) -?-phenylethylamine Gram molecules (  ± ) -?-phenylethylamine m (  ± ) -?-phenylethylamine = denseness ten volume = 0.9395 g/mL X 10 milliliter = 9.40 g N (  ± ) -?-phenylethylamine = mass/molecular weight = 9.40 g/ 121.18 g/mol = 0.0776 mol Gram molecules ( – ) -?-phenylethylamine and tartaric acid: N ( – ) -?-phenylethylamine = 0.0776 mol/ 2 = 0.0388 mol *Racemic mixture so divided by 2* ( half of entire moles ) N ( + ) -tartaric acerb = N ( – ) -?-phenylethylamine = 0.0388 mol Theoretical Output of ( – ) -?-phenylethylamine- ( + ) -hydrogen tartrate: Actual Output of ( – ) -?-phenylethylamine- ( + ) -hydrogen tartrate: m ( – ) -?-phenylethylamine- ( + ) -hydrogen tartrate = n x M = 0.0388 mol X ( 121.18 g/mol + 150.09 g/mol ) = 10.5 g m ( – ) -?-phenylethylamine- ( + ) -hydrogen tartrate = Mass filter paper + initial crystal sample – Mass filter paper = 8.25 g – 0.58 g = 7.67 g Percentage Output of ( – ) -?-phenylethylamine- ( + ) -hydrogen tartrate: % Output = ( Actual Yield / Theoretical Yield ) X 100 % i? Actual ( what was obtained after experiment ) = ( 7.67 g / 10.5 g ) X 100 % i? Theoretical ( the mass that should hold been = 73.1 % obtained if all aminoalkane was extracted ) % Output of ( – ) -?-phenylethylamine: Theoretical Output of ( – ) -?-phenylethylamine Actual Output of ( – ) -?-phenylethylamine Since the initial mixture was racemic: m ( – ) -?-phenylethylamine = m (  ± ) -?-phenylethylamine / 2 = 9.40 g / 2 = 4.70 g m ( – ) -?-phenylethylamine = mflask w/ amine+ rocks -mflask w/ rocks = 39.75 g – 42. 63 g = 2.88 g Percentage Output of ( – ) -?-phenylethylamine % Output = ( Actual Yield / Theoretical Yield ) X 100 % i? Actual ( what was obtained after experiment ) = ( 2.88 g / 4.70 g ) X 100 % i? Theoretical ( the mass that should hold been = 61.3 % obtained if all aminoalkane was extracted Optical Purity of Sample: Theoretical Optical Purity: Actual Optical Purity: Optical Purity = -40.4o  ± 0.2o Specific Rotation ( [ ? ] D ) : =Optical Rotation [ ? ( observed ) ] / c * 1 = -31.8o / ( 1.0 diabetes mellitus x 0.94 g/mL ) = -33.8o Optical Purity: = ( Actual optical pureness obtained/ theoretical optical pureness ) X 100 % = -33.8o / -40.4o x 100 % = 83.7 % Discussion: When the ( + ) -tartaric acid was added to the racemic mixture, (  ± ) -?-phenylethylamine, ( – ) -amine- ( + ) -hydrogen tartrate, and ( + ) -amine- ( + ) -hydrogen tartrate salts were formed. The ( – ) -amine- ( + ) -hydrogen tartrate was much less soluble in methyl alcohol, and hence crystallized out of the solution ( Lab Manual, 2007 ) . This method of separation was proven to be rather successful, as the per centum output of this crystallisation was 73.1 % , which is comparatively high. The presence of drosss, every bit good as the inability to wholly crystallise the salt from methyl alcohol most probably attributed to any disagreements. It is besides possible that although the ( – ) ( + ) salt is less soluble than the other salts, it still has some kind of solubility, and hence crystallizes instead easy ( hence the compulsory 2 hebdomad waiting period, in our instance it was 4 hebdomads ) . As good, the other salts, despite their high solubility in methyl alcohol, may hold still crystallized really somewhat over the long waiting period, adding to drosss Addition of NaOH resulted in the formation of two distinguishable beds: a white, cloudy aqueous bed ( top ) , and a clear aminoalkane bed ( underside ) , and allowed for the isolation of ( – ) -?-phenylethylamine ( Lab Manual, 2007 ) . The add-on of 5 milliliter of H2O to the flask confirm that the top bed was the aqueous bed, since it increased comparative to the bottom bed and the H2O was absorbed here ( Lab Manual, 2007 ) . The aqueous bed consisted of the ( – ) -amine, along with Na tartrate, and H2O, while the aminoalkane bed included any drosss. The Na tartrate readily dissolved in H2O, while methylene chloride ( CH2Cl2 ) was added to fade out ( – ) -?-phenylethylamine ( boiling point ~ 186oC ) , since it had a lower boiling point ( 40oC ) , and could easy be removed through warming ( Synthesis and declaration of alpha-phenyethylamine. After a filtration procedure, including a series of extractions, there was per centum output of 61.3 % for the ( – ) -?-phenylethylamine, which is a lower output than the original 73.1 % , bespeaking that there was a loss of aminoalkane during the 2nd portion of the experimental process. The chief cause of this mistake was the inadvertent disposal of much of the aminoalkane bed, in which a little sum of ( – ) -?-phenylethylamine was still present. The presence of some drosss may hold besides affected consequences, nevertheless, they would hold alternatively increased the output and lead to deceptive consequences. Another possible cause of mistake is the little escape out of the glass stopper on the separatory funnel when the solution was shaken. There was a spot of solution that leaked out the underside or squirted out the top when let go ofing the force per unit area in the funnel. Subsequently, the mistake that well lowered the output of the merchandise greatly increa ses the optical pureness of the mixture. The ascertained rotary motion of the concluding sample was -31. 8o ( levorotatory, left manus rotary motion ) and the specific rotary motion was -33.8o compared with the empirical specific rotary motion of -40.4o  ± 0.2o ( Lab Manual, 2007 ) . The attendant optical pureness was 83.7 % , which is well high. Aside from the antecedently mentioned disposal of the organic bed, legion other mistakes, such as the presence of drosss may hold contributed to divergences in the optical pureness. The negative ( antagonistic clockwise ) rotary motion basically confirmed that the enantiomorph being isolated was the ( – ) -?-phenylethylamine, and the high optical pureness demonstrated that the extraction was accomplished with much success and considerable truth, since the concluding merchandise was chiefly ( – ) -amine, despite the comparatively low output.

Difference between the Jurisdiction of State of California and the Assignment

Difference between the Jurisdiction of State of California and the Federal Court System - Assignment Example National security policy revolves around the major national security issues and concerns of the United States. This also emphasizes on how well the administration can implement the policy and how well they can plan out to deal with the issues addressing national security of the United States. In short, National Security is a legal document that deals with the strategies and policies; reviewed periodically by the executive bodies of the United States Government in order to preserve the national peace, security, and defense of the country. In recent years after the incident of 9/11, the United States’ National security Policy has faced many changes due to different reasons such as the rise and threats of terrorism that has struck the security of the entire nation, emergence of new allies in the war against terrorism, dealing with political and economic security. The main objective of the national security policy of the United States is to safeguard the rights, security and to maintain the legitimate interests of its citizens against any threat either affected by the internal factors or the external ones. The idea of national security became an official imperative point of the United States foreign policy when U. S president Harry S. Truman signed on National Security Act of 1947 on July 26th, 1947. The key elements of national security policy are military, politics, economics, energy, natural resources, society and diplomacy that are believed to be the core of the policy (Davis: 2010). Executive bodies play an important role in structuring the basics of US foreign policy but at the same time there are some other players are also involved, those who affect directly the policy besides the power of US President.  Ã‚  

Johanne strauss (younger) Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Johanne strauss (younger) - Research Paper Example On noticing that the Younger was learning how to play a violin, the father whipped the young boy ostensibly to remove the music out of him. Later, his father abandoned the family for another woman giving him the chance to develop his talent as a composer. With the help of his mother, Strauss II studied counterpoint and harmony under the tutelage of Professor Joachim Hoffmann. He exercised harmony under the direction of Joseph Drechsler, a composer. In 1844, Strauss II composed the gradiuale, Tu qui regis totum orbem (Gartenberg, 1972). During his training, his teachers wrote positive testimonials of the young Strauss, including Anton Kollmann. With the skills he had learnt and the testimonials he had received from his very able teachers, the Younger applied for a licence to perform from the authorities in Vienna. His first team of band men were drawn from the Zur Stadt Belgrad tavern – an easy target for aspiring musicians seeking work. Owing to his father’s influence in the local entertainment industry in Vienna, many people were reluctant to offer the Younger a chance to perform at their venues, knowing that the older Strauss was against his son’s pursuit of a carrier in music. The Younger luckily managed to convince the Dommayers Casino in Hietzing to allow his show his talent some time in 1844 (Gartenberg, 1972). This move so angered the older Strauss that he vowed never again to perform in the casino. At the casino, the Younger played his first compositions including Gunstwerber, Op.  4, and Herzenslust, Op.  3 (Gà ¤nzl 2001). The public was awed by the Young’s performance even as critics and the media poured praise upon his head. Although beginning a career in music proved difficult at first, the Younger Strauss charted the murky waters to become a great success. He accepted commissions to perform at entertainment joints away from where he

Risk Management Overview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Risk Management Overview - Essay Example A business may not be able to run without all these basic activities and it is also likely to collapse. Business risks are usually categorized into two groups; systematic and unsystematic business risks. Systematic risk is where the economy generally experiences a downfall due to natural calamities floods and drought, political instability, recessions, inflation or even fluctuation in currencies. Any business operating under the same economy is bound to fail or make more losses than profits (Akhter, 2010). Unsystematic risk is where a specific section of the economy or industry fails unlike systematic where it’s the overall market (Sensarma and Jayadev, 2009). The common way of counter attacking this is to employ diversification. Business risks are further categorized into strategic, compliance, financial and operational. Strategic is where there is new competition in the market, compliance is where a certain business is responding to new terms and regulations that have been n ewly put in place to run businesses. Additionally financial business risk is where for instance several customers are unable to pay back to the business and operational business risk is when for example there is burglary to the business (Akhter, 2010). The banking as an industry has risks associated with it. One of them is aggressive and almost philanthropic lending of loans to clients and selling the loans to other financial institutions and hoping to run entirely on the interest generated from it, usually with an aim of maximizing profit (Akhter, 2010). This becomes a risk when the economy collapses, experiences inflation or recession because with that, comes an automatic delay in loan servicing and sometimes the money given out looses its value with time because of currency fluctuation. Most banks are involved in lending. This involves a bank client giving a security pledge to a bank that they are able to pay back or service their loans fully. It is usually called collateral. It can be land, car or a house (Sensarma and Jayadev, 2009). In order to maximize their profit and returns, banks have increased their interest rates. This poses such a risk to the banking system because with increased interest rates comes with an exponential reduction in lending activities. This is because not so many clients are wiling or able to pay for a higher than normal interest rates, so they don’t take loans all the same. This creates a financial confusion which the bank has to solve lest it collapses completely (Devine, 2006). To solve this, banks have to lower their lending standards and attracting more clients by using new in the market methods. Liquidity risk is a type of risk that results from the unavailability of a proper market for an investment that cannot be sold fast enough in order to counter attack a foreseen loss (Akhter, 2010). Banks have severally taken houses or antiques as collateral from clients. When the clients are not able to service these loans on time the banks decide to sell these collateral. Antique is one of the hardest items to sell in the markets because not so many people know their value and there is never ready market for them (Breeden and Whisker, 2010). Many banks suffer loss before recovery before selling such products and may never sell it completely leading a major loss. Liquidity risk therefore leads to a situation where the banking institution is unable to meet it objectives or profit

Mathematics concepts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Mathematics concepts - Essay Example Integration,  in calculus, method of determining a function g(x) and its darivative, Dg(x), is same as a known function f(x). It is denoted by the symbol of integralâ€Å"∠«,† such as ∠«f(x), generally known as the indefinite integral of the known function. (At the end of the function sign dx is commonly included, that simply describes x as the variable.) The standard form for writing a definite integral is as the following: Integration by Substitution is one of the most uncomplicated techniques of integration which is used for making the integration uncomplicated. Integration by substitution or u-substitution in its simplest form is utilized each time when an integral includes a function and also contains derivative of that function, such as, for an integral of the structure These new limits u1 and u2 can be termed as placeholder for integration. This time when we reverse the substitution replacement ‘sinx’ for ‘u’ and also reversing the representation to limits as well to ‘a’ and ‘b’ respectively. Now our equation will

Cause and Effect of Race on Life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Cause and Effect of Race on My Life - Essay Example It is not essential that everybody has to face certain problems in association with these characteristics but for me, the situation was on the negative side. I belong to the Middle East and I chose to pursue my studies in the United States with the prospect of achieving a better future. Though it is believed by many that racism is not a major factor which affects the living of a person in today’s world but in my case, my life was very much affected by my race. I was one of the very few people in my college in the United States who came from the Middle East. My race was one of the major reasons why not many people in my class wanted to befriend me. I was new in the country and an international student and it was a period when I actually needed help and support. It was very difficult on my part to communicate with people because I perceived that most of them did not want to engage in conversations with or assist me in getting used to the place. I still remember the time when I a sked a college mate to give me his notes to which he flatly refused and did not even speak any further. The concept that I actually realized was that the whites preferred sticking to their own groups. This was the beginning but with time things did change and we got on better terms after a few months. The level of trust was not very high but I actually communicate with them. We were colleagues but not friends who would actually go out or attend parties together. It cannot be denied that my race did assist me in many matters. I formed a very strong bond and actually made really good friends with people who belonged to different races and were international students like me.

Marketing on the internet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Marketing on the internet - Essay Example Amazon.com hit off as an online bookstore. However they soon diversified their portfolio and ventured into selling DVDS, CDs, and MP3 downloads software’s, games, electronics, food, toys, furniture and apparel. They started spreading out from United States and established bases in Canada, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Japan and China. Amazon’s target audience: Amazon has segmented its target market on the basis of various variables. Their target market is segmented on the basis of demographic, geographic, and psychographic variables. Demographically talking, Amazon attracts customers who have constant access to the internet. In a recent survey conducted by Cyber Atlas, 55% men and 49% women amongst the internet using population admitted that Amazon.com is their favourite site for shopping. (CyberAtlas ; 2001)Geographically speaking, Amazon.com is most widely used in the United States and everywhere else in the world where there is Internet access. At the moment 2 9 million people in 160 countries are using the site. Amazon provides its customers with an engaging and a satisfying experience on their site. This ensures that the customers return to their site. It works on building customer loyalty by enabling features like personal customization of the web page for each of its customers. Amazon’s business strategies: Amazon built its competitive edge on three core strategies. These were: 1. Cost Leadership 2. Customer differentiation 3. Focus Under its cost leadership strategy Amazon has stood out by offering rock-bottom prices. It provides good quality products at low prices. Its prices can’t be matched by its competitors. This makes it an obvious choice for customers. Under the second strategy, Amazon offers current and prospective customers differentiation via convenience. It is one of the largest e-stores at the moment. Its product assortment is huge. It capitalizes on its huge product assortment, fast and efficient delivery a nd efficient services. It has focused on 4 primary areas for its focus strategy. These include the 1. Product focus. 2. Customer focus 3. Technology focus 4. Distribution focus As mentioned before, Amazon has a huge product assortment. Its product assortment has always attracted customers. Technology has always been central to Amazon’s business. It is an e-commerce business, a virtual market place, where every transaction is done online. Amazon’s E-marketing Strategy: Goal and Objectives: In 2008 Amazon’s vision was defined and re-phrased to mark complete focus on customer experience. It said â€Å"relently focus on customer experience by offering our customers low prices, convenience and a wide selection of merchandise.† The vision was to offer the Earth’s biggest consortium of products and to be the most customer centric company. This was Amazon’s core marketing message and it communicated its online value proposition both onsite and offsi te. (Chaffey) Amazon ensured that it offered lowest prices for most of the popular products that it was offering. However it also included less popular products that commanded high prices in the market. As a result it was able to squeeze margins for itself. Amazon’s primary objective was to be customer friendly and offer convenience to its customer. This was why it started offering free-shipping services soon. Another core objective at Amazon has been the fulfillment of promises and ensuring that customers are well-communicated and well-informed. Amazon did

Exercise can reduce the risk of various health problems Essay

Exercise can reduce the risk of various health problems - Essay Example According to CDC (2015), prevalence of obesity among adult citizens of USA is more than 34.9%, which represents more than 78.6 million victims. High blood pressure (hypertension) develops due to imbalanced Basal Metabolic Index (BMI) that exerts pressure on the heart and blood vessels. The imbalanced BMI exerts pressures and subsequently narrow the blood vessels that force the heart to generate excessive pressures to pump blood all over the body. CDC reports that the disease affects more than 67 million adults, which translates to over 31% of the American adult population (CDC, 2014). Chronic Kidney Disease compromises the ability of the kidney to perform its functions effectively. Diabetes, heart diseases, high blood pressure and overweight among other lifestyle diseases can cause CKD. Currently, the prevalence of CKD among American adults stands at 13.2% but projected to increase to 16.7% by 2030 (National Kidney Foundation, 2015). The three diseases have similar and related causes, so, physical activities prescribed to treat can also work to treat all. For adult patients suffering the diseases, a nurse can prescribe resistance, flexibility and endurance exercise (Rippe, 2013). Endurance exercise can last to about 60 minutes daily and intensity vary from 5-6 to 7-8 on a scale of 0-10. The exercise involves any activity that does not impose excessive orthopedic stress like walking, aquatic exercise ad stationary cycle exercise. Resistance activity can at a frequency of not less than 2days per week. Intensity measured on a scale of 0-10 can vary from 5-6 and 7-8. For flexibility exercise, a nurse can recommend a frequency of at least 2 days per week at an intensity of 5-6 on a scale of 0-10. The exercise involves any activity relating to stretches of major muscles (Rippe, 2013). A nurse can ensure cooperation of patients to the prescriptions by requesting for support of friends and families of the patients. A nu rse can also agree with patients

Scaricity of Healthcare Resources Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Scaricity of Healthcare Resources - Essay Example hilosophical biomedical ethical issues have developed in complexity as they are influenced by a number of factors including religion, law, anthropology and sociology. Each of the influencing factors is complex by themselves and this tends to make the biomedical ethical issues even more confusing for the healthcare service providers, especially as they are in the forefront in the use of the massive technological developments that have been in the recent past. The origins of the practical normative ethics of biomedical ethics goes back to the school of thought normally associated with Hippocrates and the famous Hippocratic oath. This oath sums up the school of thought on the ethical principles of curing and healing. The emphasis in the early days of medical history was on healing and not on curing, as the means of curing diseases was limited. Helping people to cope with diseases that had inflicted them had more relevance. The mode of intervention was left to the judgment of the physician. Thus the first principles of biomedical ethics of beneficence and nonmaleficence were laid. Even today there are many who believe that the goals of medicine remain in these complimentary factors of curing and healing. The subsequent history of bio-ethics is limited to interpretations of Galen in the second century and the opposing views expressed by Vesalius thirteen centuries later. However the next significant step in the development of biomedical ethics was seen in 1803, through the expressions of Thomas Percival, in his work Medical Ethics. Percival expanded the prevalent biomedical ethics of beneficence and nonmaleficence to incorporate the idea of the professional responsibility of physicians and their responsibility to society. Thus introducing the third principle in development of biomedical ethics in the form of justice. Further development in the principles of bioethics was seen in the 1960s and 1970s. Concern on the medical treatment procedures without proper

Matter and Materials Physics Assignment Essay Example for Free

Matter and Materials Physics Assignment Essay Matter and Materials Part 1 Here is a list of definitions of important terms, with the sources of information in brackets: Tensile Stress (1) Tensile stress is the tensional force acting on a solid per unit cross-sectional area. It is represented by the symbol ? and is measured in N m-2 or Pa. (They are the same thing). Formula: ? = F / A Strain (1) The tensile strain is calculated by dividing the extension produced in a solid (i.e. a wire) under tension, by its original length. It is represented by the symbol ? and has no units. (It is a length divided by a length). Formula: ? = e / l The Young Modulus (1) The Young Modulus is a means by which we can measure a materials relative resistance to tensional force. If a material obeys Hookes Law (as most of them do, at least to an extent) then the tensile stress is proportional to the tensile strain, and the ratio of stress to strain is a constant, which is characteristic of a material. This is called the Young Modulus, and it is calculated by dividing tensile stress by tensile strain. It is represented by the symbol E, and is measured in N m-2 or Pa, as we divide a measurement in Pa by one with no units. Formula: E = ? / ? , or E = F l / A e. Density (1) Density, a characteristic of a material, is defined as mass per unit volume, and is a measure of relative massiveness of a material. Density is represented by the symbol ? and is measured in kg m-3. Formula: ? = m / V Stiff (1) The stiffer a material is, the more difficult it is to be deformed (have its shape or size changed) by a force. Plastic (1) A material is said to be plastic if, when you deform it, it stays in the new shape after the force is released. Elastic (1) If a material is elastic, then it will return to its original shape after being deformed. This is the opposite of plastic. Brittle (1) A brittle material does not change shape at all when a deforming force is applied. It eventually breaks without warning, and the pieces can be fitted back together. Ductile (1) A material is ductile when it can be deformed by a large, steadily applied force. Most economic metals are ductile- they can be drawn out into wire, for example. Tensile Strength (2) The Tensile Strength, or Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) of a material, is the amount of tensile stress a material can take just before snapping. It is measured in N m-2 or Pa. Yield Stress (1) The Yield Stress is the amount of tensile stress required for a material to yield. Certain materials, for example mild steel, when under sufficient stress, begin to extend at a very fast rate without additional pressure being applied. This is caused by the materials internal structure losing its integrity. The crystal planes within the metal can slide past each other, and the material becomes completely plastic for a time, but then breaks if any more force is applied. Information Sources 1: A students review notes, found on the college intranet. Address: https://195.195.14.1/intranet/physics/mod_3/12_2_solids/matter/matter.htm 2: Microsoft Encarta 99 Encyclopedia Tensile Strength All of my evidence is in Appendix 1 of the assignment. Information about a metal Aluminium is a very light metal, with a melting point of 660à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C and a boiling point of 2467à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C. It is highly electropositive and reactive, and it is this property that makes it extremely resistant to corrosion- on contact with air it rapidly forms a skin of aluminium oxide, which resists any further chemical corrosion. Aluminium is the most abundant metal in the Earths crust, but most of it is contained within complex silicate minerals, from which it is far too expensive to extract. The main source of Aluminium is Bauxite, which is an impure aluminium oxide ore. Part 2 I have been given data for the force and extension from stretching a wire, and the original length and diameter as constants. The formula for the Young Modulus is E = F l / A e , so I will have to manipulate the formula into a graph. If I made a graph of F against e, the gradient would be equal to F / e. Multiplying this by the l / A would give me the Young Modulus. Calculation for the Area A = ? d2 / 4 A = ? (1.0010-3)2 / 4 = 7.8510-7 m2 Therefore l / A = 3.00 / 7.8510-7 = 3.82106 m-1 Below is the spreadsheet data I downloaded. To the right is the graph I constructed from the data.

Anthony Davis Essay Example for Free

Anthony Davis Essay My research is on the subject of Anthony Davis Jr. He was born on March 11, 1993. He was born in Chicago; Illinois. Davis is the son of Anthony Davis Sr. and Erainer Davis. He has a twin sister, Antoinette and an older sister, Iesha who also plays basketball at Daley College. He attended Perspectives charter since the sixth grade. He is a freshman that attends Kentucky State University. He was voted â€Å"National Player of the Year,† and â€Å"2012 SEC Newcomer of the Year. † Davis is very committed to his team who is coached by John Calipari; he was being mentioned as the NBA draft first overall selection in the 2012 NBA Draft. His team plays in the SEC (Southeastern conference). He plays forward-center and is number 23 on the Kentucky Wildcats. His team won the 2012 NCAA championship.Anthony is a tremendous shot blocker with great size and length. He can make 3-pointers, dribble the ball and he can get up and down the court faster than some of our guards because of his long, looping strides. Hes a different player than Marcus Camby, but hes physically ahead of where Marcus was to start his freshman season. Head coach John Calipari. Davis was named as one of the finalists for the 2012 Olympic basketball team. Davis would be the first American player since Emeka Okafor (2004 Athens Games) to have competed in the Olympics without any NBA experience. On October 20, 2011, Davis was one of three Kentucky Wildcats named to the 12-man pre-season watch list for the 2012 Wayman Tisdale Award. In late February, Dick Vitale mentioned that it could be possible that Davis might complete the mens college basketball awards Grand Slam of National Player of the Year, No.1 Overall Pick in the Upcoming Draft, Defensive Player of the Year, and Freshman of the Year. He was the second freshman to receive the MVP award.

The main aim and focus in psychodynamic psychotherapy

The main aim and focus in psychodynamic psychotherapy The main focus of psychodynamic psychotherapy is to help individuals make sense of current problems and view how their past has/might/will/ have affected the current situation that would have brought them to counseling. Psychodynamic views the person as a whole thus mind, body, soul in order to recognize the relationships between these dimensions which make up the person. These internal relationships are dynamic, always changing as they form an individual. Psychodynamic psychotherapy helps review experiences and feelings that can only be understood in relation to a clients past. This is inturn helps reflects possibilities which might have led to the current problem or situations and hence counselor and client will explore the unconscious into the conscious mind. In psychodynamic psychotherapy there is the topographic viewpoint, which refers to the layering of mental processes into conscious, preconscious and unconscious. Freuds topographical model represents his configuration of the mind. According to Freud, there are three levels of consciousness, conscious this is the part of the mind that holds what one is aware of, people can visualize about their conscious experience and can think about it in a logical fashion. While the preconscious level is the ordinary memory meaning to say things stored here are in the conscious, they can be readily brought into conscious. Freud felt that this part of the mind was not directly accessible to aw areness. In part, he saw it as a damping place for feelings and ideas  that are tied to depression anxiety, conflict and pain and if not dealt with will lead to cases of suicidal thoughts. These feelings and thoughts if not dealt with and according to Freud, they are the exerting influence on our actions and our conscious awareness (Messer 1995). Psychodynamic psychotherapy goes in depth of every detail presented in the therapy whether its past or present situation as the main aim is to view how the past might have affected the present. Psychoanalytic concepts explain human growth and development, and the nature of psychological problems. Psychodynamic counseling uses the therapeutic relationship to gain insight into unconscious relationship patterns that evolved since early stage of life, memories and other evidence of early relationships are used to make sense of current problems. The process of change occurs as clients become more aware of the effects of the unconscious, including defense mechanisms that influence negative behavior, and hence more able to control their actions and responses in the future. Existential approach sees humans as being able to change and transform a negative lifestyle to a positive, living and meeting the conditions of worth meaning clients live a life that Rogers explained to be conditions of worth that are threatening to the self ( Barret-Lennard,1998, p.101) .Meaning to say the individual can no longer live as unified whole life as this is further explained to mean one might be deserting themselves from the way of a positive lifestyle they once lived. The existential approach is all about exploring meaning and value and learning to live authentically meaning living in accordance with ones priorities and values. The existential approach hold that the human being struggle is with the givens of existence that is death, isolation, freedom and meaninglessness.People often ignore these existential givens, until life events increase the sensibilities (Corey, 2005, p.174) According to Yalom, these four existential realities are the root of most psychological problems . While other existentialists may be more optimistic about the ability of people to find answers to these questions, it is generally agreed that these four issues are central to the human experience. That is why Existential counseling seek to empower the client through self actualisation working with the here,now and the futurenot including the past (Blackham, 1975, p.114). The approach is mainly person centered as it views the client as their own best authority on their own experience, and it views the client as being fully capable of fulfilling their own potential for growth. It recognizes, however, that achieving potential requires favourable conditions and that under adverse conditions, individuals may well not grow and develop in the ways that they otherwise could. People commonly become aware of their desire for counselling when there is some internal or external disturbance in the homeostasis of their lives, the hormonal imbalances of adolescence often coincides with emotional storms which bring them to a counsellor (Clarkson, 1999,p 41 ) People seek counseling for a variety of reasons that include but are not limited to the following sadness, anxiety, relationship problems ,loss of work, persistent feelings of isolation and loneliness, or even aiming or needing motivatition to be more successful in life,work or relationships. (Prochaska Norcross, 2003) Wexler, 1974 viewed therapy as a process of expanding consciousness and bringing about more effective information that would occur in the context of genuine empathic relationship characterized by positive regard.   Existential therapy seeks to help clients live with freedom and to remove the limitations that are self-imposed.   By challenging clients about rigid beliefs and thought patterns, therapists work to provide an environment where individuals are safe to consider their belief systems and adopt new views.   Therapists focus on current life situations the client is dealing with rather than resolving past issues.   Through this focus on the here and now, individuals address their beliefs and look at enjoying life more fully and with more appreciation . Sessions of psychodynamic psychotherapy have greater frequency to allow for more in-depth treatment. The duration of individual sessions varies, It is not usually possible at the start of treatment to estimate the number of sessions that will be necessary in order to achieve the persons goals. It is possible, however, for the person to make arrangements for a specific number of sessions. Psychodynamic psychotherapy and existensial humanistic counseling operates the same way in the counseling room.They all begins with a period of evaluation during which the client discusses with the therapist the reasons for seeking treatment. This process gives the therapist the opportunity to learn about the person, to develop an understanding of his or her troubles, and to formulate ideas about how treatment should proceed. This phase of interviewing and learning may take place in one session or over a series of sessions; or it may be done in a less structured manner, depending on the therapists style. At some point within the first few sessions, the therapist and the individual will come to a mutual understanding of the goals for treatment. The two methods of counseling only defer with what has to be discussed in the treatment room meaning to say psychodynamic goes deeper into exploring a clients past of which existential only deals with current problems and focus on way forward. By allowing the client to communicate ,the counselor encourage self exploration on the clients part and also allowing the client to hear themselves speak and becoming familiar with their own thoughts and feelings that the client may have not realized had the opportunity to see (Meier Davis 2005 ). When the thoughts and feelings are taken back inside the projecting person from the other person, they may be better able to handle them as they also bring back something of the other person and the way they appeared ( Meir Davis 2005) bringing to attention that treatment will be focusing primarily on the insight of past present and future helping to make the unconscious conflict become conscious. session, the therapist is trying to judge, how much you are in touch with your own feelings, what feelings you are not aware of, how close are you to knowing the unconscious feelings, how painful these feelings are to you, and how well you can tolerate the pain that becoming aware of these feelings will bring. In the book Systems of psychotherapy, Rogers emphasizes the importance of communication as a genuine sense of empathy so that clients will experience a deeper understanding and acceptance of what they will be going through (Prochaska Norcross, 2003, p.89). As according to Prochaska some experiences are distorted or denied, there is incongruence between what is being experienced and what is symbolised as part of a persons self concept. According to Prochaska, an individual have an experimental world, in order to understand a clients action a counsellor who use both existential humanistic and psychodynamic counselling therapy place himself in the internal framework of a client (Prochaska Norcross, 2003, p.141). Wexler, 1974 viewed therapy as a process of expanding consciousness and bringing about more effective information that would occur in the context of genuine empathic relationship characterized by positive regard. A client whose counsellor might not want to use psychodynamic therapy (that is talk about past experiences in depth) may feel that the counsellor does not want to touch on certain issues of his/ her life . The therapeutic relationship in contemporary psychodynamic counselling is based on acceptance, empathy and understanding, with an emphasis on developing a good working alliance that fosters trusts. The counselor takes account of the real world of the client, including the impact of trauma, cultural difference, sexual orientation, disability and social context. The insight and understanding about human functions gained from psychoanalytic theory, can enhance the life of the counselor as well as the client, and can be put to a variety of good uses. The most defining strength of psychodynamic theory is the appreciation of the unconscious, Freud attempted to provide a means of understanding the unconscious world as it tends to review and work closely with the present situations/ probles being explained by client (conscious) . At the same time some clients might not feel comfortable to discuss their past or explore themselves and their feelings might work well with existensial counselors . existential humanistic counseling core condition of unconditional positive regard means the client is free to explore all thoughts and feelings, positive or negative, without danger of rejection or condemnation which leads to empathic understanding of clients thoughts, feelings, from the clients own perspective. Unlike in psychodynamic counseling where the counselor takes the journey to the clients past and try to match their current problems with their past. Existential therapy in a way makes the client grow in their own way unlike psychodynamic that tries to match personalities traits of clients generation to what they will be going through in the present time. However in psychodynamic therapy by getting deeper with clients past the counselor will know more information, behaviour, character and self defenses of a client. In doing so it helps strengthen their relationship as the client feels more comfortable to explore more issues in their past life and this will in turn might stren gthen the relationship of them .Psychodynamic psychotherapy is a form of depth therapy because its aim is to reveal or try to make sense of the unconscious to become conscious. The goals of psychodynamic psychotherapy vary therapy seeks to relieve a client through the development of insight, or the slowly developing awareness of feelings and thoughts that were once outside of the persons awareness through guidance from a therapist, the adult becomes aware of present ways of coping that are ineffective and how they served a purpose in childhood that is no longer relevant. The person learns that he or she now has a range of new options for solving problems, and for living in general that are now based on his or her maturity and independence.

English Laws of the 17th Century Which Led to the Persecution of Quaker

English Laws of the 17th Century Which Led to the Persecution of Quakers Barbara Blaugdone’s â€Å"An Account of the Travels, Sufferings, and Persecutions of Barbara Blaugdone† recounts her many arrests as she travels through England and Ireland, preaching Quaker beliefs. Her experience was certainly not unique, as many Quakers were similarly persecuted, including George Fox, the founder of the Society of Friends. There were three primary laws in effect at the time of Blaugdone’s travels: The Uniformity Act of 1662, the Vagrancy Act of 1596 and the Blasphemy Act of 1650. The Uniformity Act of 1662 under Charles II, which was preceded by similarly named acts in 1549, 1552 and 1559, sought to restore the dominance of the Church of England by establishing a set form of worship, which included compiling a new version of the Book of Common Prayer (Keir 240). The use of this book was mandatory at all religious services. Additionally, this Act made church attendance mandatory every Sunday, under the penalty of a fine of 12 pence (Thomas 1). This directly contradicted the Quak...

An Introduction to Windows 2000 Professional Essay -- Essays Papers

An Introduction to Windows 2000 Professional Reliability Windows 2000 Professional is up to 30 percent faster and, according to National Software Testing Labs (NSTL) tests, 13 times more reliable than Windows 98. The operating system is the most reliable version of Windows ever produced. Memory conflicts and missing or altered system files caused many of the system crashes prior to Windows 2000. To put an end to these problems, Microsoft changed Windows 2000 memory management to reduce the chance that software applications will interfere with one another. In addition, Windows 2000 includes a built-in safeguard called Windows File Protection. This feature helps prevent critical operating system files from being deleted or altered by users or applications. Industry studies show that as much as 80 percent of system failures can be traced to human errors or flawed processes. If a system file should be changed or deleted, Windows File Protection can detect the change, retrieve a correct version of the file from a cache, and restore it to the system file folder. The end user never knows the repairs have been made because Windows 2000 just keeps running ( (1)Windows). The following is a list of improvements in Windows 2000. It should be noted that this covers the entire Windows 2000 family (Server, Advanced Server, and Professional). †¢ Improved Internal Architecture: Windows 2000 includes new features designed to protect your system, such as preventing new software installations from replacing essential system files or stopping applications from writing into the kernel of the OS. This greatly reduces many sources of operating system corruption and failure. †¢ Fast Recovery from System Failure: If your system does fail, Windows 2000 includes an integrated set of features that speed recovery. †¢ Improved Code with Developer Tools: Microsoft provided third-party developers with tools and programs to improve the quality of their drivers, system level programs, and application software. These enhancements make it easier for independent software vendors to write dependable code for Windows 2000. †¢ Reduced Reboot Scenarios: Microsoft has greatly reduced the number of operations requiring a system reboot in almost every category of OS fun... ...ss/relavail Asp, Accessed 9 September 2001. 3. Mobile Computing and Windows 2000 Professional, www.mightywords.com, Accessed 15 September 2001. 4. (2) Windows 2000 Professional and Server Score an ‘A’ for Performance and Reliability, http://www.microsoft.com/windows2000/professional/evoluation/ news/external/gigaa.asp, Accessed 9 September 2001. 5. (3) Windows 2000 Professional: Built for Mobile Users, http://www.microsoft.com/windows2000/professional/evaluation/business/overview/ mobile/default.asp, Accessed 16 September 2001. 6. (1) Windows 2000 Professional: Most Reliable Windows Ever, http:// www.microsoft .com/windows2000/professional/evaluation/business overview/reliable/muchmore, Accessed 9 September 2001. 7. (4) Windows 2000 Professional: Easy to Use and Maintain, http://www.microsoft.com/windows2000/professional/evaluation/business/overview/ manage/default.asp, Accessed 21 September 2001. 8. (5) Windows 2000 Professional: Internet Ready, http://www.microsoft.com/ windows2000/professional/evaluation/business/overview/internet/default.asp, Accessed 22 September 2001.

Essay --

Yves Henri Donat Mathieu-Saint-Laurent, known as Yves Saint Laurenta was born January 1, 1956 in Oran, French Algerian. His family consisted of his mom, Lucienne-Andree, dad, Charles & two younger sisters Michele & Brigitte. As Yves was growing up he was bullied constantly. When Yves went home he found refuge by looking throuh VOUGE Magazines & fell inlove with the descriptions & outfits. Yves started out making paper difficut cut out dolls and designing them. Time pass & he got into designing & making dresses for his mother and sister based of the ones on the VOUGE magazines that caught his eye. In one of the magazines that Yves read their was a contest for young fashion designers, organized by the International Wool Secretariat. Yves submitted 3 of his favorite sketches. He won first place and was invited to attend the awards ceremony in Paris, in December of that year (1953). While he and his mother were in paris, they met the editor & chief of the VOUGE magazine, Michel de Brunho ff. Michael-De-Brunnoff was impressed by the sketches Yves brought with him and suggested he become a fashion designer. Yves followed his advice. Leaving Oran for Paris after graduation, began his studies there and eventually graduated as a star pupil. The next year, (1954) Yves considered a course at Chambre Syndicale de la Haute Couture, the council which regulates the Haute Couture industry and provides training to its employees. Later that same year, he entered the International Wool Secretariat competition again and won, beating out his friend Fernando Sà ¡nchez and young German student Karl Lagerfeld. Later after his win, he brought a number of sketches to de Michael who recognized close similarities to sketches he had been shown that morning by Ch... ...he decade, with Saint Yvez slowing down his work pace, he and Berge had sold the company they'd started, netting the two men a fortune.In January 2002, Yvez participated in his final show and then retired for good in Marrakech. Five years later, Saint Laurent's imprint and importance on French culture was cemented when he was appointed Grand Officer of the Legion d'honnerur by French President, Nicolas Sarkozy. Yves Saint Laurent later passed away in Paris on June 1, 2008 after a brief illness. YSL Company Head-Quarters Located in New York City 10022 3 E 57th Street Corporate Phone Number: 1-212-832-7100. Yves Henri Donat Mathieu-Saint-Laurent a.k.a. Yves Saint Laurent is a famous French fashion designer credited with developing â€Å"Le Smoking,† a tuxedo made just for women. The tuxedo design earned the attention of other designers like CoCo Chanel, Pierre Cardin and K

Critical Analysis of Porphyria’s Lover

Michelle Padgett English 102 Ms. Riggs 3 March 2013 Critical Analysis of â€Å"Porphyria’s Lover† by Robert Browning Robert Browning wrote â€Å"Porphyria’s Lover† in the 1830s. The speaker is Porphyria’s lover and he speaks in a very solemn tone. The poem never divulges the two characters’ real names. The mood is grim and despondent throughout the whole poem. The speaker in the poem shows through many ways that Porphyria yearned for her death, through the spontaneity of her murder, his solemn demeanor, her sickly symptoms, and the smile that was on her face when she was killed.The mood is very dismal and melancholy. It begins with a description of a storm approaching. This sets the overall tone of the poem. â€Å"The rain set early in tonight,/ The sullen wind was soon awake,/ It tore the elm-tops down for spite,/ And did its worst to vex the lake:†(698). The speaker seems to be in a solemn mood because he is troubled with what he is about to do. He is preparing himself for the horrific crime he must commit. When Porphyria sits beside him, he does not respond to her when she speaks to him. And, last, she sat down by my side/ And called me. When no voice replied, /She put my arm about her waist†(699). The speaker hints that something is wrong with Porphyria. He states that she has passion for him, but is too weak to express it, even though she has done so before. â€Å"Murmuring how she loved me–she/ Too weak, for all her heart’s endeavor,/ To set its struggling passion free†(699). Illness is evident in Porphyria when her lover claims that she is pale and his love for her was â€Å"all in vain†(699). A sudden thought of one so pale†(699). His love for her was futile and hopeless because of her failing health and he knew they would not be together for much longer. The speaker was not yet decided upon what he wanted to do with their situation. â€Å"Porphyria worshiped me: s urprise/ Made my heart swell, and still it grew/ While I debated what to do†(699). The act of taking her life was spontaneous, a spur of the moment decision. Even though her death was inevitable, he had not known the means to which her demise would be carried out. I found/ A thing to do, and all her hair/ In one long yellow string I wound/ Three times her little throat around,†(699). The word â€Å"found† indicates that he did not plan out her death beforehand. After he kills her, he convinces himself that she felt no pain. This proves that he did not do it out of anger or revenge. â€Å"No pain felt she;/ I am quite sure she felt no pain†(699). The lover warily opened her eyes and he saw no blame in them, only happiness. He described her blue eyes as laughing which reveals what she feels in the last moments of her life. I warily oped her lids: again/ Laughed the blue eyes without a stain†(699). He then unwound her tresses from around her neck and gav e her a â€Å"burning kiss† filled with all the love he had for her (699). He sits with Porphyria’s head resting on his shoulder while she still smile. â€Å"The smiling rosy little head,/ So glad it had its utmost will†(699). Porphyria’s will was to die, but to not know when or how she would. This makes the spontaneity of the act all the more understandable. The speaker calls it her â€Å"darling one wish† making it all the more important and special (700).The speaker was not able to let her go, even after her death. â€Å"He must and has indeed chosen to sit within the realm of the painful emotion that his act of granting her last wish burdened him with†(Best). His act of love burdens and renders him unable to relinquish his love just yet. â€Å"And thus we sat together now,/ And all night long we have not stirred†(700). Porphyria’s death was so just that â€Å"God has not said a word! †(700). His actions were ethicall y right and not one God from any religion would disagree and punish him for it.Robert Brown’s â€Å"Porphyria’s Lover† is very misunderstood in its meaning. The speaker is seen as a madman, when really, he is a man faced with a task that he must grant unto his love. Brown sets up the play as gloomy when he writes that a storm if fast approaching and the wind is blowing so hard that the trees are bending. The lover finds it hard to speak to Porphyria because he is faced with a horrific situation. Her murder was made with a split decision and carried out with great remorse. He even remarks upon her pale face, hinting that she is sick.After her death, she has a smile on her face and her eyes are laughing. This is a telltale sign that she wished for her own painless death to escape a gruesome one down the road. His love for was so great that even the Gods could not object to him killing her. Works Cited Best, J. T. â€Å"‘Porphyria's Lover’ — Va stly Misunderstood Poetry. † The Victorian Web. N. p. 8 June 2007. Web. 6 March 2013. Browning, Robert. â€Å"Porphyria’s Lover. † 1836. Compact Literature: Reading, Reacting, Writing. 8th ed. Ed. Kirszner and Mandell. Boston, MA: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning, 2013. 698-700. Print. Padgett

Review of Psychology and Christianity 5 Views

Assessment 1 Assessment 1 What does psychological scholarship convey to do with the Christian faith? In Psychology and Christianity tailfin Views, by Myers, J champions, Roberts, Watson, Coe, Hall, and Powlison (2010) is an introductory textbook for Christian psychological perception that translates sound arguments for an array of smirchs on psychological scholarship and faith. Each author contributed an strive and in return the other essayist respond by either agreeing or disagreeing by pointing expose faults and explaining why. The prototypic position by David G.Myers titled, A-Levels-of-Explanation View, who is a psychological scientist who supports that Christian theology and psychological learning atomic number 18 dickens real distinct disciplines, but they do share similar goals. Myers defines psychology as, the acquirement of behavior and mental processes (2010, pg. 49) and that over cartridge clip different variations of this definition have agree that psycho logy is a scientific discipline. By having rarity and humility we should seek out to rise each others ideas. He has high regards towards existential psychological investigate that it pot reveal causeive a persons personality, behavior, attitudes, relationships and much.He besides confirms that psychology butt end affirm aspects of Christian faith, for theoretical account psychological science supports family values, and that at clipping psychological science might incur us to transpose our fancy on Christian theology and interpretations of scripture. Myers admits that he has channelised his military capability on homo internals, as there is to a greater extent than than research on psychological findings and contract subject research. He concludes that, versed orientation is a natural disposition, non a voluntary incorrupt plectrum (2010, pg. 72). Secondly, Stanton L.Jones writes about, An Integration View, where psychology and Christianity should be inter twined with each other. He believes that science is a tool that divinity fudge uses as an instrument of revelation. Although Jones upholds that scripture determines the fixational beliefs and understanding of Christians, it does non provide us with the full fellowship of understanding humans. Throughout Jones interpret, he emphasizes the enormousness of a thoughtful Christian gustatory modality for science (144) and as Christians we should be able to engage with secular psychology, but he as well as recognizes this engagement has its limits.Furtherto a greater extent, Jones uses homosexuality, like Myers, as a test case, but is very clear on what scripture says about this behavior and does non let info change his mind on this event since the Authority of Scripture cannot be mistaken. The Christian Psychology view by Roberts and Watson, have a more historical and philosophical draw close. They do not deny modern psychology, but argue that psychology has been roughly fo r the past 2500 years. For example, he brings up issues pertinent today with the Sermon on the originate instead of the science offered by todays pitch psychologist.Roberts and Watson also claim that Christian psychologist should draw close psychology with the bases of the Christian tradition. Christians must approach the subject matter of humanity cover what God has told us about what it think up to be fully human prototypic that and then is our framework for engaging psychology as a social science (p. 183). Roberts and Watson purpose a two-stage method to first appropriate the options of the rich, Christian psychological tradition, and then to employ it in the advance of empirical science and applied science (p. 184).This is how a Christian understanding of the person can come to hypotheses that can be tested, consequently advancing our comprehension on humans. Lastly, the scriptural Counseling Model, by Powlison opens up his view with, Christian faith is a psychology an d that Christian ministry is a psychotherapy (p. 245). He uses these terms differently when compared to modern psychologist.. He further illustrates that psychology can be categorized into six lines (Psych-1 to Psych-6) the raw experiences of life, make knowledge, interpretive and explanatory models, psychotherapy, institutional and professed(prenominal) arrangements and the ethos of culture.He goes on and uses these terms with numerous scriptural themes by providing a test case. Powlison is more interested in assisting the individual utilize biblical insights to let on understand. I found that Stanton L. Jones, An Integration View, was the most persuasive for me. He emphasizes that if we Christians believe that Jesus Christ is deliverer and Lord of all and that there is no life outside of the scope of his sovereignty. An integrationist view believes the Christian psychologist should draw on the resource of Gods answers to these ultimate questions as the foundation both for how we engage the science of psychology and how we structure our practice in the profession of psychology (p. 101). I also strongly agree with him that our human experiences should be based on scripture, but he also acknowledges that Scripture alone could provide every aspect for understanding mess as well as their problems and solutions. He also argues that the Christian faith can and should relate to science in command and psychological science in specific (p. 06). He emphasizes that if Christian psychologist focus more on the Bible and Christian theology, it get out help force their work because they pull up stakes embrace biblical truth and theological principals. Jones also argues not just for the Christian faith in psychology, but for the science as well. Because by his sovereign choice, Gods acting and speech are limited. Further, he has created humans as sharp beings capable of knowing more and more about reality around them through with(predicate) the exercise of their reason and curiosity (p. 10). therefore we should integrate the discipline of psychology with ones commitment to Scripture to shape their work. Although I agreed with most of what Myers argued for, I strongly disagreed with his view on sexual orientation. He professes that he is a Christian who reads the word, spends time with the Lord daily, but also confesses that over time data has swayed him to change his mind and now believes that sexual orientation (most clearly for males) is a natural disposition, not a voluntary moral choice (p. 73).I believe that Scripture has clearly say what is right and wrong in our sexual lives. Myers also states that, our assumptions and beliefs always shape our approaches to science (p. 81). Since Myers is heavily influenced by science, this has led him to change his moral views on sexual orientation, therefore, ignoring the moral aspect that biblical teaching that the act of homosexuality is immoral and is a disorientation of what God meant for hu man life. I well enjoyed learning and reading the four out five views in this book.It has made me acknowledge that I need to spend more time in theology and in the word in order to get out grasp the understanding of people. By doing so I hope to become not only more knowledgeable in the area of psychology, but a better servant for Christ. References Myers, D. G. , Jones, S. L. , Roberts, R. C. , Watson, P. J. , Coe, J. H. , Hall, T. W. , Powlison, D. (2010). Psychology and Christianity five views. E. L. Johnson (2nd ed. ). Downers, IL InterVarsity Press.